Ontology
Objectives
Acquire a basic ability to:
a) understand the meaning and specificity of Ontology as a major component of philosophical tradition and a current field of research;
b) understand why Ontology is the sought after science (zêtoumenê epistêmê);
c) understand the interlinking between Ontology and the other branches of philosophy;
d) understand the interlinking between Ontology and the various branches of science;
e) understand the various approaches that have been taken in trying to provide an answer to ontological questions and to reach the zêtoumenê êpistemê;
f) understand that the zêtoumenê epistêmê may perhaps remain out of reach;
g) understand the most important ontological concepts;
h) understand, compare and use these concepts critically and independently;
i) independently interpret and discuss doctrinal views in this research field;
General characterization
Code
711031064
Credits
6.0
Responsible teacher
Mário Jorge Pereira de Almeida Carvalho
Hours
Weekly - 4
Total - 168
Teaching language
Portuguese
Prerequisites
Not applicable
Bibliography
Burnet, J. (Ed.) (1902). Platonis Opera, T. IV. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Burnet, J./Duke, E. A. (Ed.) (1986). Platonis Opera, T. IV. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Slings, S. R. (Ed.) (2003). Platonis Rempublicam recognovit brevique adnotatione critica instruxit S. R. S. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Adam, J. (Ed.) (1902). The Republic of Plato. Cambridge: University Press, 2 vols.
Shorey, P. (Ed.) (1946). Plato The Republic. London/Cambridge (Mass.): Heinemann/Harvard University Press, 2 vols.
Emlyn-Jones (Ed.) (2013). Plato Republic. London/Cambridge (Mass.): Heinemann/Harvard University Press, 2 vols.
Chambry, E. (Ed.) (1933). Platon La République. Paris: Belles Lettres, 3 vols., suc. reed.
Vegetti, M. (Ed.) (1998-2007). Platone La Repubblica. Napoli: Bibliopolis, 7 vols.
Radice, R. /Reale, G. (Ed.) (2009). Platone Repubblica. Milano: Bompiani.
Schleiermacher, F./Kurz, D. (Ed.) (2001). Platon Werke 4: Der Staat. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
Teaching method
This curricular unit has a theoretical-practical character.
The teaching methodology combines:
a) the theoretical analysis of philosophical problems and concepts
b) a thorough interpretation of the philosophical texts in question (with special emphasis both on their connection with the problems and concepts under discussion, and on interpretive issues, etc.)
and
c) the discussion of alternative views, objections, counterexamples, etc.
This curricular unit is designed to give participants the experience of working, as it were, in the “laboratory” of philosophical thought. Particular emphasis is also put on the discussion of questions, objections, related issues, etc. during office hours.
Evaluation method
Evaluation Method - Obligatory written exam(67%), a written work on an approved topic and discuss it with the lecturer (33%)
Subject matter
Introdução à problematicidade ontológica – Platão e a descoberta do metaxy
Como é que o acesso habitualmente disponível deixa margem para conhecimento em falta – e designadamente para as disciplinas científicas? E como é que estas deixam margem para um conhecimento relativo a toda a realidade enquanto tal? Que cabimento tem a Ontologia, enquanto ciência procurada (zêtoumenê epistêmê)?
Como pode fazer falta algo desse género? A que é que corresponde?
Discutiremos estas questões a partir da descoberta platónica
a) de que há algo de intermédio entre o conhecimento e a ignorância sc. entre a realidade e o nada (um metaxy sophias kai amathias sc. tou ontos kai tou mê ontos)
e
b) de que tanto o acesso quotidiano, quanto o pensamento científico ou filosófico estão retidos neste metaxy, e deixam margem para a procura de conhecimento ainda em falta.
A análise deste conjunto de problemas seguirá o itinerário de descoberta do metaxy que se acha desenhado nos livros V, VI e VII da República