Logic
Objectives
a) To attain the theoretical tools required for analysis of the logical structure of sentences.
b) To acquire the ability to investigate the formal validity of inferences.
General characterization
Code
711031079
Credits
6.0
Responsible teacher
João de Deus Santos Sàágua
Hours
Weekly - 4
Total - 168
Teaching language
Portuguese
Prerequisites
Not applicable
Bibliography
• Copi, I. M., Introduction to Logic, Collier Macmillan Publ., London, 1982
• Howson, Colin, Logic with Trees, Routledge, London and New York, 1997
• Jeffrey, Richard, Formal Logic / Its Scope and Limits, Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., Indianapolis/Cambridge, 2006
• Newton-Smith, W. H., Logic, Routledge, London, 1991 (corrected edition)
• Quine, W.V., Methods of Logic, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1974
• Sàágua, J., Lógica para as Humanidades, Editora Colibri, 2001
Teaching method
Theoretical-practical.
In class teaching
Evaluation method
Evaluation method - Final written examination(60%), Half-term test(40%)
Subject matter
Introduction to first-order logic with identity:
• Logical analysis of natural language sentences and arguments.
• Study of the syntactic and semantic properties of logical operators, and identification of their natural language counterparts.
• Introduction of a formal language, and characterization of its syntax and semantics.
• Study of various procedures and techniques for the formalization of gradually more complex natural language sentences.
• Elucidation — intuitive (first moment), rigorous (second moment) — of various crucial logical notions: validity, consequence, consistency and model.
• Introduction to natural deduction calculus as an instrument for proving the logical validity of arguments.