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Malaria

Objectives

After this unit, students should be able to:
1. Come in contact with and perform some essential techniques for the study of malaria in the laboratory (in particular the use of animal models and in vitro cultures).
2. To deepen the knowledge on the biology of the parasite's life cycle and parasite’s the relationship with the host vertebrate and mosquito vector.
3. Understand, analyse and evaluate the applicability of some methodologies for the study and control of malaria.
4. Recognize the different areas of interest in the study of malaria and its relevance through the interaction with IHMT researchers and external guests.

General characterization

Code

9512012

Credits

2

Responsible teacher

Fátima Nogueira

Hours

Weekly - 9

Total - 24

Teaching language

Portuguese

Prerequisites

Attendance of 2/3 of classes is mandatory

Bibliography

• Lamb et al, (2006). Expert Rev Mol Med. 8:1-22.
• Longley et al, (2011). Mamm Genome. 22:32-42.
• Ayi et al, 2008. The New England Journal of Medicine, 358: 1805-1810.
• Ayi et al, 2004. Blood, 104: 3364-3371.
• Duffy and Fried. 2006. Trends in Parasitology, 22: 99-101.
• Luzzatto and Bienzle. 1979. The Lancet, 1: 1183–1184.
• Moll et al, 2008. Fifth Edition. MR4/ATCC, Manassas, Virginia.
• Roth et al, 1983. PNAS, 80: 298-299.
• Wijayanti et al, Malar Res Treat. 2010;2010:540786.
• Paulo et al, J Med Chem. 2014 Apr 24;57(8):3295-313.
• Alonso P. et al. (2011). PLoS Medicine 8: e1000406.
• Holtel A. et al. (2011). Malar J. 10: 11.
• Mendis1 K et al. (2009). Trop. Med Intl. Health 14: 802-809.
• Onori et al, (1993). In: Bruce-Chwatt’s Essential Malariology. Gilles H.M. and Warrel D.A. (Eds.), 3rd Ed. Edward Arnold, Kent: 196-266.
• WHO. (1998). WHO/CDS/CPC/MAL/98.12.
• Gillies MT. (1988). Wernsdorfer W.H. and McGregor I. Sir (Eds.). Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh: 453-485.
• Petersen et al, FEBS Lett. 2011 Jun 6;585(11):1551-62.

Teaching method

Direct teaching by lecture method (theoretical lectures).
Indirect teaching by: guided discovery learning and solving problems in simulation environments and laboratory (theoretical-practical).

Evaluation method

Final classification of Course: written exam.

Subject matter

I. Control vs eradication. Control tools: parasite, vector, community education. Sustainability of control measures
II. Systematics of genus Anopheles. Life cycle and external morphology. Bio-ecology and behaviour aspects with medical importance
III. Biodiversity of genus Anopheles. Reproductive and digestive physiology. Interaction vector/parasite during esporogony
IV. Dissection of female anophelines, wet-mount preparations, midguts observation, oocyst count
V. Resistance to antimalarials: Mechanisms of resistance, molecular markers; Geographic distribution; Selection and spread of resistant parasites; Concepts of treatment failure and parasite resistance
VI. Monitoring of resistance to antimalarial drugs (methods in vivo and in vitro)
VII. Determination of the dynamics of parasitaemia in two species of murine plasmodia. Determination of parasitemia, spleen and liver index