Nutritional Therapy in Diabetes
Objectives
The CU aims to provide the tools that will allow the students to intervene in individual and population health, to (i) treat, (ii) educate for self-care and also (iii) aid in the prevention of diabetes through nutritional intervention. Students will be capable of promoting and aiding the adoption of adequate food patterns and habits, within the context of a healthy lifestyle, educating for the importance of consumption of a variety of nutritionally dense foods in portions that fit each individual case, in order to maintain cardiometabolic health. Specifically, following the knowledge gained through this CU, students should be capable of educating and informing diabetic patients and those at risk of developing diabetes to:
a) promote weight loss, weight gain or weight management;
b) achieve or maintain glycaemic levels within targets, both during fasting and post-prandial periods;
c) attain or maintain an adequate blood pressure
d) attain or maintain a low risk lipid profile
e) prevent the incidence of diabetes
f) help to incorporate food habits which are compatible with cardiometabolic health, considering the nutritional needs, cultural preferences, literacy, access to foods, willingness and availability for habit change and behavioural change and the barriers that make difficult to attain the changes
g) keep the pleasure for eating
h) provide the required tools for the development of healthy food patterns, rather than focusing on macro- and micronutrients or single food items
General characterization
Code
11241
Credits
3
Responsible teacher
Prof.ª Doutora Marta Silvestre
Hours
Weekly - Available soon
Total - Available soon
Teaching language
Portuguese
Prerequisites
Not applicable
Bibliography
Facilitating Behavior Change and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes2021. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2021
Diabetes Care Jan 2021, 44 (Supplement 1) S53-S72; DOI: 10.2337/dc21-S005Forouhi N G, Misra A, Mohan V, Taylor R, Yancy W. Dietary and nutritional approaches for prevention and management of type 2 diabetes BMJ 2018; 361 :k2234 doi:10.1136/bmj.k2234
DAFNE Study Group. Training in flexible, intensive insulin management to enable dietary freedom in people with type 1 diabetes: dose adjustment for normal eating (DAFNE) randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2002 Oct 5;325(7367):746. doi: 10.1136/bmj.325.7367.746. PMID: 12364302; PMCID: PMC128375.
Teaching method
The theoretical-practical component will be expository and dynamic dialogue with students. There will also be some clinical case solving exercises.
Evaluation method
The final assessment of the Curricular Unit will correspond to a written exam, which will include the resolution of a clinical case, to be carried out at the period of exams, in accordance with the exam calendar approved by the Pedagogical Council.
Subject matter
1. Medical Nutrition Therapy: Recommendations from the American Diabetes Association (ADA);
2. Intermediary hyperglycaemia pathophysiology;
3. Pathophysiology of the different types of diabetes;
4. Food patterns;
5. Weight management;
6. Carbohydrates;
7. Proteins;
8. Fats;
9. Sodium and other micronutrients;
10. Alcohol;
11. Artificial sweeteners;
12. Medical nutrition therapy in type 1 diabetes;
13. Medical nutrition therapy in type 2 diabetes prevention;
14. Medical nutrition therapy in type 2 diabetes management;
15. Medical nutrition therapy in type 2 diabetes treatment;
16. Medical nutrition therapy in gestational diabetes;
17. Medical nutrition therapy in other types of diabetes;
18. Hypoglycaemia;
19. Sick days;
20. Nutritional approaches in diabetes: complications;
21. Microbiota and diabetes relevance for medical nutrition therapy.