Hydrology and Drainage Works
Objectives
On this curricular unit, students will shall acquire knowledge skills and competences to characterise the reference conditions of natural hydrological phenomena and their degree of anthropic modification. They will also be able to contribute to the testing and simulation of planning and management options for water systems, namely those associated with drainage problems and flow regulation and storage (using hydraulic works). Students will thus be able to do:
• Watershed delimitation and watershed physiographic characterization;
• Process hydrometeorological raw data (from gage capture to the hydrometry of flows);
• Make statistical characterization of precipitation''''''''s regime in a watershed or at a rain gauge station;
• Perform water balances through the quantification of the components of the hydrological cycle such as precipitation, evaporation, evapotranspiration, infiltration and surface runoff;
• Understand infiltration processes and soil water drainage;
• Calculate surface runoff and flow volumes in a downstream section;
• Evaluate water needs and availability in a watershed;
• Understand and use methods for flood peak flow''''''''s calculation in rural and urban watersheds, dimensioning curverts to cope with drainage problems;
• Characterize the intensity-frequency-duration of rainfall episodes and their erosive potential.
General characterization
Code
10435
Credits
6.0
Responsible teacher
Maria da Graça Reis e Silva de Oliveira Neves, Rui José Raposo Rodrigues
Hours
Weekly - 4
Total - 63
Teaching language
Português
Prerequisites
n.a.
Bibliography
1. Chow, V.T., Maidment, D. and Mays, L. (1988). Applied Hydrology, Mc-Graw Hill.
2. Hipólito, J.R., Carmo Vaz,A. (2012). Hydrology and Water Resources
3. Jones J.A.A. (1997). Global Hydrology – Processes, Resources and Environmental Management, Addison Wesley Longman Limited.
4. White, W; Watts, J. ed. (1994) – River Flood Hydraulics, Wiley
5. Hann, C. – Statistical Methods in Hydrology, TheIowaStateUniversityPress
Teaching method
Lectures: oral presentation, whenever suitable supported with photographs and examples of real situations representing practical implementation of discussed topics.
Practical sessions: resolution of problems, illustrative of discussed topics.
Evaluation method
Theoretical and exercise evaluation: 2 tests (T1 & T2) ,
without consulting supporting documents; maximum/minimum rating on each test: (100 / 20) points
Practice Test (Tp), consultation of supporting documents allowed; maximum rating: 200 points
FINAL RATING (values): [(T1+T2) X 0.7 + Tp X 0.3] /10
To approve, the students must be present at least in 2/3 of practical classes and have a minimum rate of 95 in the practice test and a final rating of at least 9.5. The frequency is valid for one year.
The three tests may be replaced by the exam and, in that case, it will be Final grade is equal to E, where E corresponds to the Exam classification.
One of the tests (T1 or T2) can also be replaced by an exam, in which case the final grade = [(E+T) X 0.65 + Tp x 0.35]/10, where E corresponds to the grade in the Exam and T to the test that did not repeat in the Exam.
Subject matter
1. Hydrological cycle: general subjects; hydrological balance.
2. Watershed analysis: delimitation; physiographic characteristics.
3. Precipitation: classification; precipitation intensity and depth; statistics and hydrology.
4. Interception: concept and processes.
5. Evaporation: concepts; measurement; calculation; influencing factors.
6. Evapotranspiration: concepts; potential and effective evapotranspiration; potential evapotranspiration.
7. Flow in the saturated and the unsaturated zone.
8. Infiltration, percolation and drainage.
9. Surface runoff: river flow measurement; hydrological series; reservoir dimensioning; watershed runoff components; hydrographs; flooding; urban surface runoff.
10. Water resources management: water demand and availability; reservoir design and operation.
11. Soil erosion. Sediment transport.
12. Hydrological modelling: methods and mathematical models.