Hydraulics I
Objectives
To give students knowledge in the areas of dimensional analysis, hydrostatics, pressure flows, characteristics and selection of pumps and turbines, flows through orifices and weirs and free-surface flows. At the end of the curricular unit students should have the following abilities:
• Expertise in the computation of hydrostatic forces acting on different surfaces.
• Expertise in the fundamental concepts of hydro-kinematics and hydrodynamics (pressures, mean velocities, forces, stresses and energy balances).
• Expertise in the hydraulic computation of steady flows in conduits under pressure.
General characterization
Code
12161
Credits
6.0
Responsible teacher
João Nuno Sequeira Fernandes, Maria da Graça Reis e Silva de Oliveira Neves
Hours
Weekly - 4
Total - 94
Teaching language
Português
Prerequisites
Lab sessions attendance (minimum 2/3) and accomplishment of 3 lab experiments with correspondent lab reports.
Bibliography
Base Bibliography:
1. Slides of the lectures (available at CLIP)
2. Quintela, A. "Hidráulica", ed. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1996, 5ª ed.
Complementar Bibliography:
1. Chow, V.T. (1959), "Open-Channel Hydraulics", McGraw-Hill
2. Evett, J.B.; Liu, C. (1988), "2500 solved problems in Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics", McGraw-Hill
3. Lencastre, A. (1983), "Hidráulica Geral", Hidroprojecto, Lisboa
4. Nakayama, Y.; Boucher, R. (1998). "Introduction to Fluid Mechanics", Elsevier
Teaching method
Lectures: oral presentation, whenever suitable supported with photographs and examples of real situations representing practical implementation of discussed topics.
Lab sessions: resolution of problems on applied hydraulics; practices in the Hydraulics Laboratory, with presentation and manipulation of scale physical models, illustrative of fundamental hydraulic laws.
Evaluation method
To have frequency, the students must be present at least in 2/3 of practical classes and have a final grade of at least 9.5. The frequency is valid for one year.
Having this frequency, the final grade is calculated by:
Final grade = 0.425 x T1 + 0.425 x T2 + 0.05 x L1 + 0.05 x L2 + 0.05 x L3, where 0.425 x T1 where T1 and T2 are the classifications of tests 1 and 2 and L1, L2 e L3 are the classifications of the laboratory work reports 1, 2 and 3.
The two tests may be replaced by the exam and, in that case, it will be Final grade = 0.85 x E + 0.05 x L1 + 0.05 x L2 + 0.05 x L3, where E corresponds to the Exam classification.
One of the tests may be replaced by the exam and, in that case, it will be Final grade = 0.425 x E + 0.425 x T + 0.05 (L1+L2+L3) ,, where E corresponds to the Exam classification and where Tthe classifications of the test not repetead in the exam.
Subject matter
A. Fluid Properties
B. Hydrostatics: hydrostatic pressure and impulse
C. Hydrokinematics: flow and flow lines
D. Hydrodynamics: laws of conservation of mass, energy and momentum
E. Flow resistance laws: laminar and turbulent flows
F. Steady-state pressure flows