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  4. Specialization in Philosophy of Knowledge and Epistemology
  5. Methodologies in Philosophy

Methodologies in Philosophy

Objectives

1. Share individual experiences within the scope of philosophical research methodology;
2. Acquire in-depth knowledge of methodologies in the field of philosophy:
3. Develop methodological skills that contribute to the progressive definition of a final work to be presented as theterm of the doctoral course.
4. Identify the methodological characteristics of ongoing projects in the Research Units associated with the Study Cycle.

General characterization

Code

73203100

Credits

10.0

Responsible teacher

Nuno Carlos da Silva Carvalho Costa Venturinha

Hours

Weekly - 2

Total - 280

Teaching language

Portuguese

Prerequisites

N/A

Bibliography

HEIDEGGER, M. (1927) Sein und Zeit. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag; (2012) Ser e Tempo (tr. F. Castilho). Bilingual German–Portuguese edition. Campinas/Petrópolis: Editora da UNICAMP/Editora Vozes.


HUSSERL, E. (1913) Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Erstes Buch. Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff; (2006) Ideias para uma Fenomenologia Pura e para uma Filosofia Fenomenológica I (tr. M. Suzuki). São Paulo: Editora Ideias & Letras.


WITTGENSTEIN, L. (1922, 1933) Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (tr. C. K. Ogden). London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.; (1987) Tratado Lógico-Filosófico (tr. M. S. Lourenço). In Tratado Lógico-Filosófico – Investigações Filosóficas, 1-158. Lisbon: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.


WITTGENSTEIN, L. (2003) Philosophische Untersuchungen. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp; (1987) Investigações Filosóficas (I) (tr. M. S. Lourenço). In Tratado Lógico-Filosófico – Investigações Filosóficas, 159-499. Lisbon: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.

Teaching method

The reaching method combines rigorous textual study with practical exercises in logical analysis of language and phenomenological description, including student paper presentations.

Evaluation method

Each student is required to write a paper (70%) that will be presented and discussed in class (30%).

Subject matter

Methods of Philosophy


The course is divided into two parts and aims to show that analytical philosophy and phenomenology are not necessarily situated at opposite poles at the methodological level. The first part explores how Wittgenstein conceives of the “method of philosophy”, in the wake of the analytical tradition of Frege and Russell. It begins with the methodological conception of the Tractatus (expressed notably in 6.53) and then turns to the idea developed in the later phase of his thought that, rather than there being “a method of philosophy”, it is essential to understand that “there are indeed methods, like different therapies” (Philosophical Investigations, §133). The second part explores how Husserl and Heidegger approach access to the self: phenomenological methods (epoché, transcendental and eidetic reduction), modes of self-manifestation (sensation, drive, emotion, feeling, perception, understanding) and the transformation of the problem within the temporal existential analytic (Befindlichkeit, affective disposition, moods and tonalities).