Grandes Endemias
Objetivos
Adotando uma perspetiva de Uma Saúde, esclarecendo conceitos de endemicidade, concentrando-nos em doenças transmissíveis mais prevalentes nas regiões tropicais, pretendemos desenvolver generalizações sobre intervenções eficazes e sustentáveis que contribuam para a progressiva erradicação destas doenças, tendo em consideração as heterogeneidades espaciais, biológicas, entomológicas, ambientais e sociais, para encorajar os doutorandos a pesquisarem novas estratégias para mitigação e eliminação do impacto de doenças transmissíveis nas regiões tropicais.
Caracterização geral
Código
5788011
Créditos
4
Professor responsável
Paulo Ferrinho
Horas
Semanais - 9
Totais - 40
Idioma de ensino
Português
Pré-requisitos
Não se aplica
Bibliografia
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MMWR. 1999; 48 (SU01): 23-7. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su48a7.htm. • Aylward B et al. When Is a Disease Eradicable? 100 Years of Lessons Learned. Am J Public Health. 2000;90: 1515–1520. • Hopkins DR. Disease Eradication. NEJM. 2013;368:54-63. • The Carter Center. Disease considered as candidates for global eradication by the International Task Force for Disease Eradication. https://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/disease-eradication • de Quadros CA. Introduction. In: Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Emerging Infections; Knobler S, Lederberg J, Pray LA, editors. Considerations for Viral Disease Eradication: Lessons Learned and Future Strategies: Workshop Summary. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2002. 1. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK98114/ • David M. Morens, Edward C. Holmes, A. Sally Davis, Jeffery K. Taubenberger, Global Rinderpest Eradication: Lessons Learned and Why Humans Should Celebrate Too, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 204, Issue 4, 15 August 2011, Pages 502–505, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir327 • Cochi, S.L., and Dowdle, W.R. (2011). Disease Eradication in the 21st Century: Implications for Global Health. Cambridge: The MIT Press. • Vouga, M., and Greub, G. (2016). Emerging bacterial pathogens: the past and beyond. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 22(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.010 • Schito, M., Hanna, D., and Zumla, A. (2017). Tuberculosis eradication versus control. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 56, 10–13. • Bowman DD. Successful and currently ongoing parasite eradication programs. Vet Parasitol. 2006 Jul 31;139(4):293-307. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.04.020. Epub 2006 May 26. PMID: 16730411. • Monnier N, Barth-Jaeggi T, Knopp S, Steinmann P. Core components, concepts and strategies for parasitic and vector-borne disease elimination with a focus on schistosomiasis: A landscape analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(10):e0008837. Published 2020 Oct 30. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008837 • Cook, G.C., and Zumla, A. (Eds.) (2009). Manson’s Tropical Diseases. 22nd Edition. London, UK: Saunders Elsevier Science, Health Division. • Michaelakis A, Balestrino F, Becker N, et al. (2021). A Case for Systematic Quality Management in Mosquito Control Programmes in Europe. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 18(7):3478. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073478. • Nazareth T, Craveiro I, Moutinho A, et al. (2020). What happens when we modify mosquitoes for disease prevention? A systematic review. Emerging microbes and infections, 9(1), 348–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1722035 • Resnik D. B. (2017). Field Trials of Genetically Modified Mosquitoes and Public Health Ethics. The American journal of bioethics: AJOB, 17(9), 24–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2017.1353170 • Connolly, J. B., Mumford, J. D., Fuchs, S., Turner, G., Beech, C., North, A. R., and Burt, A. (2021). Systematic identification of plausible pathways to potential harm via problem formulation for investigational releases of a population suppression gene drive to control the human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae in West Africa. Malaria journal, 20(1), 170. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03674-6 • Tur C, Almenar D, Benlloch-Navarro S, Argilés-Herrero R, Zacarés M, Dalmau V, Pla I (2021). Sterile Insect Technique in an Integrated Vector Management Program against Tiger Mosquito Aedes albopictus in the Valencia Region (Spain): Operating Procedures and Quality Control Parameters. Insects.;12(3):272. doi: 10.3390/insects12030272. • Hoel, Michael; Barrett, Scott (2004) : Optimal Disease Eradication, Nota di Lavoro, No. 50.2004, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), Milano. https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/117933/1/NDL2004-050.pdf • Pierre-Yves Geoffard and Tomas Philipson. Disease Eradication: Private versus Public Vaccination. The American Economic Review, Vol. 87, No. 1 (Mar., 1997), pp. 222-230. http://mol.ax/pdf/gp1997.pdf • Aaby, P., and Benn, C. S. (2020). Stopping live vaccines after disease eradication may increase mortality. Vaccine, 38(1), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.034 https://findresearcher.sdu.dk:8443/ws/files/155352507/Stopping_live_vaccines_after_disease_eradication_may_1_increase_mortality.pdf • Wilson N, Mansoor OD, Boyd MJ, Kvalsvig A, Baker MG. We should not dismiss the possibility of eradicating COVID-19: comparisons with smallpox and polio. BMJ Glob Health. 2021 Aug;6(8):e006810. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006810. PMID: 34373261; PMCID: PMC8375448.
Método de ensino
T - Ensino: expositivo, apresentações dos discentes, discussão em sala de aula virtual. OT – Apoio à preparação dos S e O. S – seminário sobre vacinação conduzido pelas alunas. EC – estudo de caso submetido por escrito para publicação, incidindo • Ou sobre uma das seguintes doenças: 1. Doença viral: sarampo. 2. Doença bacteriana: lepra. 3. Doenças parasitárias: dracunculíase e malária. • Ou sobre as doenças erradicáveis num dos seguintes países:Angola ou Moçambique. A – Exame oral:apresentação e defesa do EC.
Método de avaliação
1. Estudo de caso: 30% 2. Organização e dinamização do seminário: 30% 3. Exame oral: 40%.
Conteúdo
I. As ciências de erradicação das doenças. II. Controlo, eliminação ou erradicação (CER) de doenças virais. III. CER de doenças causadas por bactérias. IV. CER de doenças causadas por parasitas. V. Controlo vetorial para a eliminação e erradicação de doenças. VI. Vacinação.